The top three ecosystems have maintained their same positions from 2020, with Silicon Valley remaining at the top, followed by New York City and London tied for #2.

Tokyo has entered the top-10, moving up an impressive five places to #10 from #15 in the GSER 2023, marking the most significant improvement among the Top-10 ecosystems.

Paris has moved up an impressive four places from last year to reach #14. Seoul has moved up 3 spots and is now ranked #9, entering the top 10 ecosystems.

Tel Aviv has moved up one rank and is now tied with Los Angeles at #4. Seoul has moved up 3 spots and is now ranked #9, entering the top 10 ecosystems.

The top two Chinese ecosystems have dropped in the overall rankings: Beijing by one place and Shanghai by two, now standing at #8 and #11, respectively.